Bubble PIV technique to measure the velocity field of a free-swimming California sea lion

Fish et al. (2014) adapted laboratory PIV for safe use on larger animals. As opposed to seeding the entire flow with reflective particles and illuminating a plane of laser, they produced sheet small bubbles used sunlight global illumination. Underwater cameras imaged in method similar traditional PIV. This technique was measure around swimming dolphin estimate thrust during tail stand maneuver (Fish (2014, 2018)). In current work, we will extend modification by sea lion also using as is first time that flowfield has been directly measured. We present an extensive extension image processing required under field conditions. Finally, generated propulsive strokes adult female (Cali) freely through pool stationary water.